Quran

Because they do not believe in the Hereafter, they showed audacity in their words and deeds, opposing Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ), such as their saying that the angels were the daughters of Allah. Al-Saadi: 820.
Question: What is the reason that induced the polytheists to oppose Allah and His Messenger, and speak falsely about the angels?

Having described their false beliefs and misguidance, Allah commands His Prophet (ﷺ) to turn away from them, as their misguidance was caused by turning their back on Allah’s Message and His remembrance, hence they deserved to be left by turning away from them. Ibn Ashur: 27/116-117.
Question: This verse is an example of this saying: The requital befits the action. How?

Meaning: That is all they know. As for those who believe in the Hereafter, the people of understanding and mature thinking, whose aspirations and goals are focused on the Hereafter, their knowledge is the best and most sublime of knowledge, for it is based on the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (ﷺ). Al-Saadi: 820.
Question: This verse indicates the virtue of Islamic knowledge. How?

Meaning: They are well aware of their worldly affairs, but oblivious to their religious affairs. Al-Farra said: Allah belittles and disdains them. Meaning: Preferring this worldly life over the Hereafter showed the narrow extent of their minds and the limited boundary of their knowledge. Al-Qurtubi: 20/41.
Question: This verse belittles the disbelievers. How?

Makhūl ibn Ab Muslim (a prominent scholar) said: We were fetuses in our mothers' wombs, and some of us were stillborn, but we remained. Then, we became infants, and some of us died, but we remained. We grew to become young men, and some of us died, but we remained. We became grown men, and some of us died, but we remained, then, we became old men, so after this, what are we waiting for?! Al-Baghawi: 4/261.
Question: From this verse, it is understood that Allah confers great bounty upon us. What is it? What does He call upon us to do?

Al-Kalbi and Muqatil said: People used to do good deeds, then they say: Our prayers, fasting, Hajj (pilgrimage), and Jihad, so Allah revealed this verse, (He knows best who is truly righteous), who sincerely obeyed Allah. Al-Baghawi: 4/312.
Question: What is the reason for the revelation of this verse, (do not claim purity for yourselves)?

The offspring will be joined with their fathers in the Hereafter, like they were in worldly life. This joining is part of rewarding the fathers for their strive in this life. As for their offspring who will attain this high rank without efforts, it is not meant for them, rather, it is meant for their fathers to make them happier in Paradise by joining them with their offspring. Ibn Al-Qayim: 3/82.
Question: How do you reconcile these two verses: (And that man will not receive except what he strives for) and (And those who believe and their offspring follow them in faith, We will join with them their offspring)?