Quran
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ﱖ
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ﭛ ﭜ ﭝ ﭞ ﭟ ﭠ ٣ ٣
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ﭬ ﭭ ﭮ ﭯ ٣ ٣ ﭱ ﭲ ﭳ ﭴ ﭵ ٤ ٤
ﭷ ﭸ ﭹ ﭺ ٥ ٥ ﭼ ﭽ ﭾ ٦ ٦ ﮀ ﮁ
ﮂ ﮃ ٧ ٧ ﮅ ﮆ ﮇ ٨ ٨ ﮉ ﮊ ﮋ ٩ ٩
ﰖ
ﮗ ﮘ ﮙ ٢ ٢ ﮛ ﮜ ﮝ ﮞ ٣ ٣
ﮠ ﮡ ﮢ ﮣ ٤ ٤ ﮥ ﮦ ﮧ ٥ ٥
وَٱلۡعَصۡرِ ١ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ لَفِي خُسۡرٍ ٢ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ ٣
Al-Shafi'i (t) said: If all the people pondered upon this Surah, it would suffice them. This Surah has four stages through which a person has to go to reach perfection; they are: Knowing the truth, abiding by the truth, teaching it to those who do not know it, and being patient with learning it, abiding by it, and teaching it to others. Hence, Allah mentions these four stages in this Surah. Ibn Al-Qayim: 3/365.
Question: This Surah contained everything a person needs to be reformed. Explain.
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ ٣
In the Arabic text, the word (righteous deeds) is in the definite form, which indicates that they have done all the good deeds that Allah has commanded, and that includes refraining from sins as well. Ibn Ashur: 30/532.
Question: In the Arabic text, the word (righteous deeds) is in the definite form. Why?
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ
By means of the first two, one may perfect oneself, and by means of the last two, one may help others to perfect themselves. By perfecting all four things, one will be safe from loss and will attain great success. Al-Saadi: 934.
Question: These four attributes of the believers are singled out for mention. Why?
وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ ٣
([Exhort one another to patience], be patient when facing calamities, destinies, and the harms of those who harm people due to their commanding them to do good and forbidding them from evil. Ibn Kathir: 4/551.
Question: Why was exhorting one another to patience mentioned after exhorting one another to the truth? Explain the relationship between the two.
ٱلَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالٗا وَعَدَّدَهُۥ ٢
The aim of this verse is to rebuke those who withhold their wealth and not spend it in the cause of Allah's obedience. Al-Qurtubi: 22/471.
Question: Is amassing wealth always a vilified behavior?
يَحۡسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُۥٓ أَخۡلَدَهُۥ ٣
Meaning: A person's wealth makes him believe that he reached the status of immortality in life, which leads him to love his wealth as much as he loves immortality. Hence, he indulged himself in his desires as if he were immortal. Moreover, this implies that immortality is useless without righteous deeds that are beneficial in the Hereafter. Al-Biqai: 22/245.
Question: Clinging excessively to one's own wealth poses a risk to a person's outlook on life. Explain in light of this verse.
ٱلَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى ٱلۡأَفۡـِٔدَةِ ٧
The hearts are singled out for mention even though the Fire will cover all of their bodies because that is where their false beliefs reside, or because if pain reaches the hearts then they will die. Meaning: They are in a state of dying without ever dying. Al-Shawkani: 5/494.
Question: The hearts are singled out for mention even though the Fire will cover all of their bodies. Why?