Quran

Mourning is when a widow abandons all adornment, including clothing, perfume, jewelry, eyeliner, and henna, as long as she is in her waiting period, because adornment is an invitation to husbands, so she is forbidden from that in order to block the means and protect the sanctities of Allah Almighty from being violated. Al-Qurtubi: 4/133.
Question: Explain the wisdom behind the mourning of widows.

Saeed bin Al-Musayib said: The reason for this time period is because it is the time during which the life is breathed into the fetus. It was said that the fetus starts moving in the womb. Al-Baghawi: 1/238.
Question: Explain the wisdom behind specifying the mourning period to be four months and ten days?

This proves that the guardian looks after the woman, and that he should prevent her from doing what is not permissible as well as force her to do what is obligatory; this is addressed to him and it is his duty. Al-Saadi: 105.
Question: What is the duty of the guardian toward the woman?

Allah allows divorce after the marriage contract and before consummating the marriage, even though this may break her heart. Therefore, Allah commands the husband to give her a gift of a reasonable amount -the rich according to his means and the poor according to his means- to compensate her for her loss. Ibn Kathir: 1/272.
Question: Allah commands that a divorced woman who has not been consummated with be given a compensation. Why?

People deal with each other on two levels: Either in justice and fairness, which is obligatory, and is the basis on which people give and take what is due, or in graciousness and kindness, which means giving what is not due and being easygoing with regard to one's own rights, suppressing any feelings of annoyance. No one should forget this level, even if it occurs in some occasions. Al-Saadi: 105.
Question: We are forbidden from forgetting graciousness between us. What does that mean?

Graciousness means kindness, which means: Do not forget the kindness that existed between you before [as couple]. Let it be remembered by you so that each one of you will desire forgiveness in return for the kindness of his companion towards him. Al-Alusi: 3/155.
Question: Why are the couple asked to remember the graciousness that was between them?

Since the man has a higher degree of responsibility, he should be the one who forgives. The woman was not addressed nor encouraged to do that. The most unpleasant thing that can happen is for the man to force the woman to give back what he had given her (as a dowery); therefore, do not forget the kindness between you. Al-Biqai: 1/448.
Question: What can we infer from this verse: (And do not forget graciousness between you)?