Quran

Allah, the Almighty, describes the gods of which the polytheists worship besides Him as having six traits. Each of these traits is conclusive proof that worshiping these gods besides Allah is baseless, rather, it is an absolute transgression and utter ignorance. First: They create nothing because they cannot. Second: They are all created by the One Who creates everything. Third: They do not possess for themselves any harm or benefit. Fourth, fifth, and sixth: They do not possess the power to cause death, life or resurrection. Al-Shanqiti: 6/9.
Question: What are the deficiencies of everything that is worshiped besides Allah?

The (secret) is mentioned here because He Who knows the secret, definitely knows what is declared. Al-Qurtubi: 15/369.
Question: The (secret) is mentioned here without mentioning the declared. Why?

(He is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful), this is an invitation to them to repent and turn back to Allah, telling them that His mercy is vast and His patience is immense. Whoever repents to Him, He will accept his repentance. Despite all their lies, immorality, falsehood, disbelief, and stubbornness, and saying what they said about the Messenger and the Quran, Allah still invites them to repent and give up their sins, and to come to Islam and true guidance.Ibn Kathir: 3/299.
Question: This verse ends with (He is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful), why?

If it is said: How is this statement (He is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful) relevant to what precedes it? The answer is: When Allah mentions the sayings of the disbelievers, He concludes the verse with that in order to show His forgiveness and mercy, in that He did not punish them swiftly, but gave them respite, and if they accept Islam, then He would accept their repentance and forgive them. Ibn Juzay: 2/103.
Question: What is the relevance of saying (He is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful) to what precedes it?

This verse is quoted as evidence by those who say that it is permitted for scholars, clergymen, and righteous people to enter the markets, contrary to those who disliked that for them. Al-Alusi: 9/427.
Question: Modesty and mingling with people help the preacher in his cause. How can you infer this meaning from this verse?

(And they say, "What is this messenger"), they meant Muhammad (ﷺ). (Eats food) like we do. (And walks in the markets) he works for living like we do, so he cannot be distinguished by Prophethood. Moreover, they used to say to him: "You are neither an angel nor a king because you eat while an angel does not; you are not a king because a king does not shop while you shop and bargain." All that which they said was invalid, since he eats because he is a human being, and he walks in the markets because he is modest, which is a trait of his that does not contradict Prophethood. Al-Baghawi: 3/322.
Question:  Signs of the truthfulness of a preacher are being modest and realistic in his actions. Explain in light of this verse.

Meaning: They say this in stubborn disbelief, not because they are seeking insight and guidance, rather, their disbelief in the Day of Resurrection makes them say what they say. Ibn Kathir: 3/300.
Question: What is the reason for most of what disbelievers and hypocrites say and do?