Quran

These disjointed letters of the Arabic alphabet at the beginning of some Surahs in the Quran are followed by mentioning the Quran, the revelation or something similar in meaning, which indicates that the aim of starting with these spelled letters is a challenge to the Arabs to show their incapability of producing the like of this Quran, [even though it is made up of letters from the Arabic alphabet]. Ibn Ashur: 8/10.
Question: The disjointed letters are often followed by mentioning the Quran. Why?

This verse proves that where there is a clear text in the revelation, then one must disregard opinions. Al-Qurtubi: 9/151.
Question: What is the guidance of Quran for one who disregards a clear proof and follows thoughts and views?

It means that Allah's command, torment and vengeance came over them at night or while taking a nap in the middle of the day. Both of these times are periods of rest and leisure or heedlessness and amusement. Ibn Kathir: 2/192.
Question: Night and noon are singled out for the occurrence of Allah’s Punishment. Why?

Their rejection of the message is a transgression because it is a rejection of clear proofs and hence it is a transgression. Ibn Ashur: 8/32.
Question: Rejection of clear proofs is a transgression. Explain.

There is a consensus among scholars of Ahl Al-Sunnah that the words of any person are subject to acceptance or rejection except that which are of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), for he must be believed in everything he narrated, and obeyed in everything he enjoined. The Messenger (ﷺ) is Infallible who does not speak out of his own desire but it is a revelation sent down to him. Moreover, on the Day of Resurrection, people will be questioned about him, as Allah says, (Then We will surely question those to whom [a message] was sent, and We will surely question the messengers). Ibn Taimyah: 3/137.
Question: A remedy for religious fanaticism is to know that the words of anyone can be accepted or rejected except that which are of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Explain.

If you say, "Does Allah not already know the weights of people's deeds? So, what is the wisdom behind weighing them?" I say, "There are many wisdoms in weighing the deeds such as displaying justice and the fact that Allah does not wrong people in the least, and revealing to people all of their good deeds and bad ones." Al-Qasimi: 1/297.
Question: What is the wisdom behind weighing people's deeds on the Day of Resurrection, even though Allah is already aware of them?

Allah informs the Children of Adam about the honor of their father and the enmity of satan, who still has envy for them and for their father Adam (), so they should beware of him and not follow in his footsteps. Ibn Kathir: 2/193.
Question: What lesson can a Muslim learn from satan's refusal to prostrate to his father (Adam)?