Quran

Perhaps this mercy from Allah has manifested in the Prophet's (r) calmness during hardship, excellent manners, leniency and gentleness that are attributable to his calmness because whoever controls his anger and emotions, is a completely courageous person. Al-Alusi: 4/105.
Question: This verse mentions a sign of Allah's mercy toward the servant. What is it?

It is said that Allah commanded His Prophet (r) to consult with his Companions in order to unite their hearts, set an example to his successors and to bring out their views in matters relating to war tactics that were not part of the revelations by Allah. Therefore, conducting consultation should be even more applicable to those who are below the Prophet (r). Ibn Taimyah: 2/161.
Question: Explain some of the wisdom behind commanding the Prophet (r) to consult his Companions?

This is an indication that the Prophet's Companions were of high status, had a great insight, and that their insides were pleasing to Allah, the Almighty. Al-Alusi: 4/107.
Question: This verse responds to some deviant sects who disregard the Prophet's Companions. Explain.

Putting trust in Allah (Tawakkul) is: Reliance on Allah to acquire or preserve benefits after they are obtained, and to ward off or remove harm after it has occurred. It is one of the highest levels of faith for two reasons, first: Allah says: (Allah loves those who put their trust in Him). Second: The assurance given in this verse: (Whoever puts his trust in Allah, He is sufficient for him) [65:3]. Ibn Juzay: 1/164.
Question: Why is putting trust in Allah considered one of the highest levels of faith?

(But if He forsakes you) and leaves you to your own devices, (then, who is there to help you after Him)? You will inevitably be defeated, even if all people help you. In this, an implicit command to seek Allah's help and rely on Him, and to disavow one's own power and strength. Al-Saadi: 154.
Question: Does the help of the powerful replace your reliance and trust in Allah Almighty?

(Reciting) comes first because it is a prelude. (Purifying) comes next because it is the first thing by which believers acquire a trait. It is considered as a cleansing stage that precedes beautification stage, since warding off harm is more important than bringing about benefits. Then, (teaching) because it is needed only after accepting faith. Al-Alusi: 4/114.
Question: What is the wisdom in mentioning (reciting), (purifying) and (teaching) in this order?

Allah makes clear that the calamity of the enemy's victory and other things that befell the believers was due to their sins, so He said about the battle of Uhud: (When you suffered a calamity [at Uhud] while you had inflicted twice as much upon them [at Badr], you said, How could this happen? Say, You brought this to yourselves). Ibn Taimyah: 2/167.
Question: What causes calamities for the individual and society?