Quran

He does not have the essential knowledge, nor a knowledge acquired through true cognition, nor a knowledge from divine revelation, hence, he is indeed ignorant in all aspects. Al-Shanqiti: 4/280.
Question: When can someone argue about something or have a dialogue?

(For him in the world is a disgrace), humiliation and shame; since he was too arrogant to heed the signs of Allah, Allah will send humiliation upon him in this world, and will punish him in this world, before he reaches the Hereafter, because this world is all he cares about and all he knows. Ibn Kathir: 3/203.
Question: A person who becomes arrogant when listening to the Quran will be punished by humiliating him. Why? Why will he be punished in worldly life before the Hereafter?

This verse was revealed because some people would declare their Islam, and if one of them saw good things happening to his wealth and family, he would say, "This is a good religion", but if he faced difficulties, he became pessimistic, and would say, "This is a bad religion", and renounced Islam. Ibn Juzay: 2/50.
Question: What do you think about one who accepts the religion for worldly gains only?

In regard to this world, this means that they do not get what they hope for by apostatizing. The one who made his apostasy as his asset, giving up his faith in return for something that he thought he would achieve, will find that his efforts were to no avail, and he will not get anything but what is decreed for him. Al-Saadi: 535.
Question: An apostate will become a loser in this worldly life. How?

That is, among people, some are weak in faith; faith has not truly entered their hearts, and they have never felt the joy of faith. Rather, they entered the religion either out of fear or by way of following a custom, and they cannot be steadfast when faced with trials and tribulations. Al-Saadi: 534.
Question: What is the reason for one's faith to be on the edge and prone to end?

(He invokes one whose harm is closer than his benefit), two questions arise from this verse: First: The idols are described as they can neither harm nor benefit, then they are described as whose harm is closer than their benefit, thus, harm is negated then it is affirmed. This is answered as follows: The negated harm, at first, meant the idols' action, which was nothing because they do not do anything. Second: The second [affirmed] harm meant that they were the cause for the punishment of those who worshiped them, etc. Ibn Juzay: 2/51.
Question: The idols are described as they can neither harm nor benefit, and then they are described as whose harm is closer than their benefit. How?

The protector benefits those whom he protects, and the associate brings good to those with whom he is associated, hence, if they fail to do any of that, even in a rare occasion, it would be considered reprehensible, but in this case, they are totally helpless and useless, which makes them the worst protector and associate. Ibn Ashur: 17/216.
Question: The idols are the worst protectors and associates. Why?